Well stock shackles are weak. They're made from stamped steel and tend to get wallowed out over time. On my Jeep, I found 2 sets to have the bolt holes wallowed out to where I didn't like the looks of them.
I'd be willing to say that all aftermarket shackles are a lot stronger then the stock ones. Most are 3/8th to 1/4". The stock shackles are 4.5" from eye-to-eye. Most aftermarket shackles are lift shackles of some sort. The minimum amount of lift seems to be around 5/8" lift. The tallest ones are 1.5" lift or 7.5" eye-to-eye. Really though, less is better. Anything over an inch is pushing the limits.
The biggest problem being, the pinion angles change because you're only lifting one side of the leaf spring. This will usually point the pinion up more which brings it out of sync with the other U-joint. Even though the angle is less, driveshafts want to be in sync so both U-joints are spinning the same speed internally.
The other problem is when you tilt the front axle's pinion up you also reduve the castor on the front axle. Castor is the amount of tilt the front knuckles have parallel to the frame. Castor is what makes the steering wheel recenter when you let it go. It also helps keep your vehicle tracking straight when you let the wheel go. Reduce the castor and you could introduce wandering in the steering.
There are several different designs of shackles out there. The standard one is the two-piece plate. These are the most basic. The next type is the H. These have a bar in the center connecting the two sides together, giving them strength at teh cost of flexibility. There are tow shackles which have a attachment point for a tow-hitch. There are dog-leg/Boomerang shackles. These are used in the back of Jeep so the shackle isn't limited by the rear crossmember. Otherwise, the shackle hits the corss-member, limiting flex. The last type is the anti-kickback. These shackles are designed so they cannot, what's called invert. This is when the shackle flips inwards, towards the axle and get stuck, causing a bend the leaf spring.
Everyone does it for their own reasons. There are many.
That's it in a nutshell...